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Job Code BE1602
Description
Description of the proposed activity (over 3 years) : the activity will be in the framework of LINAC4 at CERN. The activity will involve both beam dynamics calculations, electrodynamics calculation as well as measurements. The chosen candidates will get familiar with the physics, mathematics and computational aspects of calculating the electromagnetic field in resonant RF cavities and tracking a bunch of charged particles in an electric and magnetic field, with special emphasis on the problematic of high intensity beam (space charge, halo formation, losses minimisation). In a second phase , having acquired the computational tools and the necessary knowledge of beam physics each candidates will participate in one of the following activities : the measurements of the transverse and longitudinal beam quality at the 3 MeV LINAC4 test stand or the final tuning, conditioning, setting-up and operation of the three Radio-frequency accelerating structures of the 3 MeV LINAC4 test stand. The candidates, under the supervision of a small team of physicists, will operate the halo detector under varying beam condition, will analyse the data and will draw conclusions for the design of the following accelerator. This offers is for two positions
Special Requirements
university degree in physics or engineering
Training Value
The chosen candidates will get familiar with the physics, mathematics and computational aspects of calculating the electromagnetic field in resonant RF cavities and tracking a bunch of charged particles in an electric and magnetic field, with special emphasis on the problematic of high intensity beam (space charge, halo formation, losses minimisation).
Supervisor
ALESSANDRA LOMBARDI

Job Code BE1702
Description
Beam Dynamics Studies for the PSB with Linac4: ------------------------------------------------------------------ Linac4 is at present constructed at CERN to provide a 160 MeV H- beam to the PS Booster (PSB) synchrotron. The aim is to improve the performance of the PSB mainly by alleviating direct space charge effects due to the higher injection energy. Simulations of beam dynamics with strong direct space charge forces, i.e. taking the Coulomb forces acting between different beam particles into account are carried to better estimate and, possibly, optimize the performance expected for the PSB with Linac4.
Special Requirements
university degree in physics or engineering
Training Value
beam dynamics physics , computational tecniques, space charge
Supervisor
CHRISTIAN CARLI

Job Code BE1802
Description
The present and the next generation ion sources are powerful plasma generators that give a high particle density in the extraction region of the source, which should be studied for the future Linac4 and SPL accelerators. The design and the construction of the extraction system and the low energy beam transport (LEBT) have to deal with high space charge forces. Tools now exist to study the multi-particle effects in 3 spatial dimensions and time, in the beam-plasma regime. The main goals are: 1. The design and construction of an optimized 45kV extraction system for the Linac4 H- source. 2. The study and possible improvement of the extraction system and the beam transport of the GTS-LHC source and the Linac3 LEBT. 3. Participation in the commissioning of the RF H- ion source, and low-energy, high density beam measurements.
Special Requirements
university degree in physics or engineering
Training Value
The chosen candidate will learn multiparticle simulations for low energy ion beams, beam measurement techniques, and the physical and operational principles of RF and ECR ion sources.
Supervisor
RICHARD SCRIVENS

Job Code BE1846
Description
The REX-ISOLDE accelerator at CERN is used to produce radioactive ion beams for nuclear physics studies. As part of a consolidation project the original beam instrumentation, developed over the years by collaborating institutes, is being refurbished and equipped with CERN standard acquisition systems. In particular the beam profile monitors based on the detection of secondary electrons generated by impinging accelerated ions on aluminum foils require a thorough redesign. This redesign consists in a detailed study of the distribution of the electromagnetic fields in the monitor and the simulation of the beam dynamics of the secondary electrons with the aim of identifying performance limitations and overcome them trough modifications of the monitor layout. The detection of the secondary electrons need also to be improved and the data obtained from the measurements need to be analyzed in order to find the calibration factors for the monitors. In case the tasks described above can be accomplished before the end of the term the remaining time will be used to design the beam instrumentation required for the future energy upgrade of the REX accelerator.
Special Requirements
Post doc or graduated student with a minimum of 24 months of relevant experience in the field of electronics or applied physics. - Good knowledge of electromagnetism and relative simulation tools - Good knowledge of electronics - Some knowledge of mechanics
Training Value
The candidate will acquire the methods and knowledge for the design and construction of different beam diagnostic system for very low intensity. He/she will get exposed to a multidisciplinary international environment.
Supervisor
ENRICO BRAVIN

Job Code EN601
Description
La restitution virtuelle des 27km de l'accélérateur de particules permet de faciliter les travaux d'intégration, d'installation et de manipulation des équipements avant leur descente dans le tunnel et de s'assurer de la place disponible pour effectuer correctement ces tâches. L'ensemble des positions fonctionnelles(100.000 slots par version d'accélérateur) a été introduit dans une base de données Oracle et la boîte à outils de maquette numérique (Digital Mock-Up, DMU) réalise le lien entre ces positions fonctionnelles, les modèles CAO délivrés par le Bureau d'Etudes, et les outils de positionnement des géomètres du CERN. Il est proposé de d'étendre, en partenariat avec tous ces acteurs, cette boîte à outils informatique pour y inclure les équipements des injecteurs du LHC (lignes d'injection TI2 et TI8, et le complexe SPS). Le travail s'effectuera au sein de l'équipe d'intégration. Une bonne connaissance d'un environnement de développement moderne (Java, C++) est demandée.
Special Requirements
Computing
Training Value
Manipulation of a large scale digital mock-up inside the integration team Make the link between 3D Computer Aided Design (Design Office and Integration Office), exact positioning in a Survey environment, and installation teams
Supervisor
SAMY CHEMLI

Job Code GS90
Description
Within the GS/ASE group, which is responsible for the design and operation of the personnel safety systems at CERN, the trainee will participate in the safety studies (IEC61508), design, prototyping, realisation, and testing of the personnel safety systems of the CERN complex of accelerators.
Special Requirements
Engineer level. Knowledge in functional safety, risk analysis, industrial and safety control systems, TCP/IP, supervision systems, VIDEO
Training Value
The trainee will gain practical experience in the specification, risk assessment and design of safety system. The trainee will be integrated in an experienced team, and will have the opportunity to uses state of the art safety engineering standards, methods and technology
Supervisor
PIERRE NININ

Job Code PH112
Description
Develop WEB tools based on XML transport and SOAP protocol applied to the control and operation of High energy physics experimental apparatus driven by distributed PC clusters. The CMS experiment in construction at CERN is expected to take data from the CERN Large Hadron Collider which is scheduled to produce high-energy proton proton collisions in 2006. The data acquisition and data handling systems, required in this kind of experiment, are based on large farm of servers (several 1000s) interconnected by high-speed networks (1 Tbit/s). The processors are used to read in parallel the data produced by the detectors, to format them and transmit the event packets to farms of PC clusters where the events are analyzed, selected and saved in large databases. One important aspect of the system is that related to the management of all the processing elements, their configuration, their control and user interfaces. A new project has just started to develop a set of web-based services suitable to configure, maintain, debug and run a large experiment made of a grid of PC clusters. The aim is to access the experiment hardware and software equipment via a portal, which allows the handling of all resources, the securities, the job and info management and the history database. Physicists and engineers all over the world should be able to inspect, configure, modify, start and stop the part of the apparatus under their responsibility and in full security. Interactive tools for tables, plot and graphics presentation should allow the interaction with the data via a browser. The project exploits the most advanced technologies available today in the e-business web services world. This project offers many opportunities in term of participation and the role of the participant. More information of CMS data acquisition system may be found at: http://cmsdoc.cern.ch/cms/TRIDAS/html/tridas.html concerning the Run control and monitor see also at: http://cmsdoc.cern.ch/cms/TDR/DAQ/pdf/Control_and_Monitor.pdf The CMS DAQ Portal Project The trainee will be asked to design and implement a Web based portal service for the presentation of dynamically changing data that comprises the health status of a distributed data acquisition system and the data that are generated by the software that is deployed on such a system. The service shall provide mechanisms for collecting data from the various programs in the cluster. The system shall incorporate the means to plug in user supplied analysis tasks and mechanisms to visualize this data. The portal service must allow for personal customization, security and authentication features. The trainee?s tasks will include proposing existing industry solutions that match the user requirements. All work shall, however, be performed using standard Web technologies (SOAP based communication, SQL database access, graphical data presentation formats like SVG, etc). The deployment platform of the system is Linux. Interfaces to Oracle, mySQL and XML based persistent data storage shall be provided. All work must be documented according to the MIL 498 standard. The projected time frame for a fully functional software package is one year.
Special Requirements
Scientific programmer/engineer. Knowledge in object orientated programming, JAVA, C++
Training Value
Supervisor
SERGIO CITTOLIN

Job Code TE683
Description
Title: ELECTRON CLOUD SUPPRESSION Development of thin films of low secondary electron yield and of a novel apparatus for their characterisation. Motivation: Electron cloud instabilities are one of the limiting phenomena of existing and future particle accelerators. In general, the e-cloud escalation can be suppressed by reducing the secondary electron yield (SEY) of the surfaces that form the vacuum vessel. Therefore, it comes out that any step forward in reducing SEY by surface treatments and modifications represents a key advancement in accelerators development. The MME-CCS section proposes to invest manpower for the next two years in order to: - modify the existing XPS system by adding an apparatus for the measurement of SEY on samples; - design, produce and operate a system for in-vacuum transport of samples from accelerator environments to the modified XPS. - characterise several thin films as a function of surface composition, production parameters, and electron dose received; - resume the knowledge (acquired 15 years ago for the development of the LEP2 cavities) on nitride and carbo-nitride metal films production; - develop production systems for medium and large scale production of innovative low SEY films.
Special Requirements
University degree in physics or material science or applied physics. Knowledge of vacuum technology, surface physics and thin films production would be an advantage.
Training Value
Ultra High Vacuum, surface science, thin films coating by magnetron sputtering, getter characterization.
Supervisor
SERGIO CALATRONI